AUTHOR=Park Young Joon , Kang Byeong Hoon , Kim Hyun-Jin , Oh Ji Eun , Lee Heung Kyu TITLE=A Microbiota-Dependent Subset of Skin Macrophages Protects Against Cutaneous Bacterial Infection JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology VOLUME=13 YEAR=2022 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.799598 DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2022.799598 ISSN=1664-3224 ABSTRACT=

Microbiota is essential to the development and functional maturation of the immune system. The effects of the gut microbiota on myeloid cells remote from the gut, especially the skin remain unclear. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that type I interferon (IFN) signaling was down-regulated in the skin of germ-free mice compared to that in specific pathogen-free mice. The decrease in type I IFN signaling was closely related to the presence of microbiota and macrophage-specific marker CD169. The absence of CD169+ macrophages resulted in increased bacterial burden and impaired immune responses against Staphylococcus aureus skin infection. CD169+ macrophages mediated the recruitment of γδ T cells as well as the activation of γδ T cells via interleukin (IL)-23. Our findings demonstrate the role of the microbiota in establishment of a specific myeloid cell subset expressing CD169 in the skin and provide evidence of a specific mechanism by which this subset protects against bacterial skin infection.