AUTHOR=Niu Lishui , Li Xiang , Meng Li , Zhang Yingying , Wan Xin , Jing Di , Zhou Qin , Zhou Rongrong 

TITLE=Case report: Brain metastasis necrosis with immune checkpoint inhibitors plus chemotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1064596

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2022.1064596

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=<p>The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has reshaped the landscape of advanced lung cancer treatment. The brain is the most common metastatic site for lung cancer. Whether conventional criteria can evaluate the intracranial response of ICIs remains unclear. Here, we report a well-documented case of intracranial necrosis confirmed by post-operative pathology after only one cycle of chemo-immunotherapy without any radiation therapy, which suggests that immunotherapy elicits strong anti-tumor responses for intracranial metastasis and promotes intracranial necrosis, resulting in a temporary increase in size of the target lesions. Still, the specific mechanisms and management strategies need to be further explored.</p>