AUTHOR=Cai Tiantian , Du Peng , Suo Lixia , Jiang Xiaozhen , Qin Qiu , Song Ronghua , Yang Xiaorong , Jiang Yanfei , Zhang Jin-an TITLE=High iodine promotes autoimmune thyroid disease by activating hexokinase 3 and inducing polarization of macrophages towards M1 JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology VOLUME=13 YEAR=2022 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1009932 DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2022.1009932 ISSN=1664-3224 ABSTRACT=
Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), the most common autoimmune disease, includes Graves’ disease (GD) and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT). Currently, the pathogenesis of AITD is not fully understood. Our study aimed to examine the presence of macrophage polarization imbalance in AITD patients, to investigate whether high iodine can cause macrophage polarization imbalance, and to investigate the role of key genes of metabolic reprogramming in macrophage polarization imbalance caused by high iodine. We synergistically used various research strategies such as systems biology, clinical studies, cell culture and mouse disease models. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed that M1 macrophage hyperpolarization was involved in the pathogenesis of AITD.