AUTHOR=Azamor Tamiris , Cunha Daniela Prado , da Silva Andréa Marques Vieira , Bezerra Ohanna Cavalcanti de Lima , Ribeiro-Alves Marcelo , Calvo Thyago Leal , Kehdy Fernanda de Souza Gomes , Manta Fernanda Saloum de Neves , Pinto Thiago Gomes de Toledo , Ferreira Laís Pereira , Portari Elyzabeth Avvad , Guida Letícia da Cunha , Gomes Leonardo , Moreira Maria Elisabeth Lopes , de Carvalho Elizeu Fagundes , Cardoso Cynthia Chester , Muller Marcelo , Ano Bom Ana Paula Dinis , Neves Patrícia Cristina da Costa , Vasconcelos Zilton , Moraes Milton Ozório 

TITLE=Congenital Zika Syndrome Is Associated With Interferon Alfa Receptor 1

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=12

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.764746

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2021.764746

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=<p>Host factors that influence Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) outcome remain elusive. Interferons have been reported as the main antiviral factor in Zika and other flavivirus infections. Here, we accessed samples from 153 pregnant women (77 without and 76 with CZS) and 143 newborns (77 without and 66 with CZS) exposed to ZIKV conducted a case-control study to verify whether interferon alfa receptor 1 (<italic>IFNAR1</italic>) and interferon lambda 2 and 4 (<italic>IFNL2/4</italic>) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) contribute to CZS outcome, and characterized placenta gene expression profile at term. Newborns carrying CG/CC genotypes of rs2257167 in <italic>IFNAR1</italic> presented higher risk of developing CZS (OR=3.41; IC=1.35-8.60; <italic>Pcorrected</italic>=0.032). No association between <italic>IFNL</italic> SNPs and CZS was observed. Placenta from CZS cases displayed lower levels of <italic>IFNL2</italic> and <italic>ISG15</italic> along with higher <italic>IFIT5.</italic> The rs2257167 CG/CC placentas also demonstrated high levels of <italic>IFIT5</italic> and inflammation-related genes. We found CZS to be related with exacerbated type I IFN and insufficient type III IFN in placenta at term, forming an unbalanced response modulated by the <italic>IFNAR1</italic> rs2257167 genotype. Despite of the low sample size se findings shed light on the host-pathogen interaction focusing on the genetically regulated type I/type III IFN axis that could lead to better management of Zika and other TORCH (Toxoplasma, Others, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes) congenital infections.</p>