AUTHOR=Fang Wentao , Wu Chia-Hsin , Sun Qiang-Ling , Gu Zhi-Tao , Zhu Lei , Mao Teng , Zhang Xue-Fei , Xu Ning , Lu Tzu-Pin , Tsai Mong-Hsun , Chen Li-Han , Lai Liang-Chuan , Chuang Eric Y. TITLE=Novel Tumor-Specific Antigens for Immunotherapy Identified From Multi-omics Profiling in Thymic Carcinomas JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology VOLUME=12 YEAR=2021 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.748820 DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2021.748820 ISSN=1664-3224 ABSTRACT=

Thymic carcinoma (TC) is the most aggressive thymic epithelial neoplasm. TC patients with microsatellite instability, whole-genome doubling, or alternative tumor-specific antigens from gene fusion are most likely to benefit from immunotherapies. However, due to the rarity of this disease, how to prioritize the putative biomarkers and what constitutes an optimal treatment regimen remains largely unknown. Therefore, we integrated genomic and transcriptomic analyses from TC patients and revealed that frameshift indels in KMT2C and CYLD frequently produce neoantigens. Moreover, a median of 3 fusion-derived neoantigens was predicted across affected patients, especially the CATSPERB-TC2N neoantigens that were recurrently predicted in TC patients. Lastly, potentially actionable alterations with early levels of evidence were uncovered and could be used for designing clinical trials. In summary, this study shed light on our understanding of tumorigenesis and presented new avenues for molecular characterization and immunotherapy in TC.