AUTHOR=Ngo Thi Phuong Nhi , Palmieri Vittoria , Adamczyk Alexandra , Klopfleisch Robert , Langhorst Jost , Hansen Wiebke , Westendorf Astrid M. , Pastille Eva TITLE=IL-33 Drives Expansion of Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells and Regulatory T Cells and Protects Mice From Severe, Acute Colitis JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology VOLUME=12 YEAR=2021 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.669787 DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2021.669787 ISSN=1664-3224 ABSTRACT=
The hallmarks of inflammatory bowel disease are mucosal damage and ulceration, which are known to be high-risk conditions for the development of colorectal cancer. Recently, interleukin (IL)-33 and its receptor ST2 have emerged as critical modulators in inflammatory disorders. Even though several studies highlight the IL-33/ST2 pathway as a key factor in colitis, a detailed mode of action remains elusive. Therefore, we investigated the role of IL-33 during intestinal inflammation and its potential as a novel therapeutic target in colitis. Interestingly, the expression of IL-33, but not its receptor ST2, was significantly increased in biopsies from the inflamed colon of IBD patients compared to non-inflamed colonic tissue. Accordingly, in a mouse model of Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS) induced colitis, the secretion of IL-33 significantly accelerated in the colon. Induction of DSS colitis in