AUTHOR=Horn Christopher M. , Kielian Tammy 

TITLE=Crosstalk Between Staphylococcus aureus and Innate Immunity: Focus on Immunometabolism

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=11

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2020.621750

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2020.621750

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=<p><italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic> is a leading cause of bacterial infections globally in both healthcare and community settings. The success of this bacterium is the product of an expansive repertoire of virulence factors in combination with acquired antibiotic resistance and propensity for biofilm formation. <italic>S. aureus</italic> leverages these factors to adapt to and subvert the host immune response. With the burgeoning field of immunometabolism, it has become clear that the metabolic program of leukocytes dictates their inflammatory status and overall effectiveness in clearing an infection. The metabolic flexibility of <italic>S. aureus</italic> offers an inherent means by which the pathogen could manipulate the infection milieu to promote its survival. The exact metabolic pathways that <italic>S. aureus</italic> influences in leukocytes are not entirely understood, and more work is needed to understand how <italic>S. aureus</italic> co-opts leukocyte metabolism to gain an advantage. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge concerning how metabolic biases dictate the pro- vs. anti-inflammatory attributes of various innate immune populations, how <italic>S. aureus</italic> metabolism influences leukocyte activation, and compare this with other bacterial pathogens. A better understanding of the metabolic crosstalk between <italic>S. aureus</italic> and leukocytes may unveil novel therapeutic strategies to combat these devastating infections.</p>