AUTHOR=Zhao Jun , Qin Chao , Liu Yongzhen , Rao Youliang , Feng Pinghui 

TITLE=Herpes Simplex Virus and Pattern Recognition Receptors: An Arms Race

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=11

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2020.613799

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2020.613799

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=<p>Herpes simplex viruses (HSVs) are experts in establishing persistent infection in immune-competent humans, in part by successfully evading immune activation through diverse strategies. Upon HSV infection, host deploys pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to recognize various HSV-associated molecular patterns and mount antiviral innate immune responses. In this review, we describe recent advances in understanding the contributions of cytosolic PRRs to detect HSV and the direct manipulations on these receptors by HSV-encoded viral proteins as countermeasures. The continuous update and summarization of these mechanisms will deepen our understanding on HSV-host interactions in innate immunity for the development of novel antiviral therapies, vaccines and oncolytic viruses.</p>