AUTHOR=Gorlé Nina , Bauwens Eva , Haesebrouck Freddy , Smet Annemieke , Vandenbroucke Roosmarijn E. 

TITLE=Helicobacter and the Potential Role in Neurological Disorders: There Is More Than Helicobacter pylori

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=11

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2020.584165

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2020.584165

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=<p>Trillions of symbiotic microbial cells colonize our body, of which the larger part is present in the human gut. These microbes play an essential role in our health and a shift in the microbiome is linked to several diseases. Recent studies also suggest a link between changes in gut microbiota and neurological disorders. Gut microbiota can communicate with the brain <italic>via</italic> several routes, together called the microbiome–gut–brain axis: the neuronal route, the endocrine route, the metabolic route and the immunological route. <italic>Helicobacter</italic> is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria colonizing the stomach, intestine and liver. Several papers show the role of <italic>H. pylori</italic> in the development and progression of neurological disorders, while hardly anything is known about other <italic>Helicobacter</italic> species and the brain. We recently reported a high prevalence of <italic>H. suis</italic> in patients with Parkinson’s disease and showed an effect of a gastric <italic>H. suis</italic> infection on the mouse brain homeostasis. Here, we discuss the potential role of <italic>H. suis</italic> in neurological disorders and how it may affect the brain <italic>via</italic> the microbiome–gut–brain axis.</p>