AUTHOR=Boutros Andrea , Schiavi Chiara , Cecchi Federica , Spagnolo Francesco , Guadagno Antonio , Tanda Enrica Teresa , Giusti Francesca , Murdaca Giuseppe , Queirolo Paola TITLE=Case Report: Immune-Related Toxicity During Adjuvant Treatment With BRAF Plus MEK Inhibitors in a Melanoma Patient JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology VOLUME=11 YEAR=2020 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2020.579523 DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2020.579523 ISSN=1664-3224 ABSTRACT=

Adjuvant treatment of operated melanoma has deeply changed in the last few years with the introduction of immune-checkpoint inhibitors and BRAF/MEK inhibitors. Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease causing non-caseous granulomatous reactions. Sarcoid-like granulomatous reactions have been reported in patients with advanced melanoma, mostly related to immunotherapy with immune-checkpoint inhibitors. We report a case of a 38-year-old woman with stage III operated melanoma treated with adjuvant BRAF plus MEK inhibitors, who developed sarcoidosis-like syndrome with systemic involvement, resolved after discontinuation of treatment. The occurrence of immune-related toxicity with the use of MAPK inhibitors supports the hypothesis that this class of drugs may also have an immunological effect, and that the long-term efficacy of adjuvant MAPK inhibitors may be due to their immunological function.