AUTHOR=Davoodi Saeideh , Foley Edan 

TITLE=Host-Microbe-Pathogen Interactions: A Review of Vibrio cholerae Pathogenesis in Drosophila

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=10

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2019.03128

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2019.03128

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=<p>Most animals maintain mutually beneficial symbiotic relationships with their intestinal microbiota. Resident microbes in the gastrointestinal tract breakdown indigestible food, provide essential nutrients, and, act as a barrier against invading microbes, such as the enteric pathogen <italic>Vibrio cholerae</italic>. Over the last decades, our knowledge of <italic>V. cholerae</italic> pathogenesis, colonization, and transmission has increased tremendously. A number of animal models have been used to study how <italic>V. cholerae</italic> interacts with host-derived resources to support gastrointestinal colonization. Here, we review studies on host-microbe interactions and how infection with <italic>V. cholerae</italic> disrupts these interactions, with a focus on contributions from the <italic>Drosophila melanogaster</italic> model. We will discuss studies that highlight the connections between symbiont, host, and <italic>V. cholerae</italic> metabolism; crosstalk between <italic>V. cholerae</italic> and host microbes; and the impact of the host immune system on the lethality of <italic>V. cholerae</italic> infection. These studies suggest that <italic>V. cholerae</italic> modulates host immune-metabolic responses in the fly and improves <italic>Vibrio</italic> fitness through competition with intestinal microbes.</p>