AUTHOR=Bilyy Rostyslav , Unterweger Harald , Weigel Bianca , Dumych Tetiana , Paryzhak Solomiya , Vovk Volodymyr , Liao Ziyu , Alexiou Christoph , Herrmann Martin , Janko Christina TITLE=Inert Coats of Magnetic Nanoparticles Prevent Formation of Occlusive Intravascular Co-aggregates With Neutrophil Extracellular Traps JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology VOLUME=9 YEAR=2018 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2018.02266 DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2018.02266 ISSN=1664-3224 ABSTRACT=
If foreign particles enter the human body, the immune system offers several mechanisms of response. Neutrophils forming the first line of the immune defense either remove pathogens by phagocytosis, inactivate them by degranulation or release of reactive oxygen species or immobilize them by the release of chromatin decorated with the granular proteins from cytoplasm as neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Besides viable microbes like fungi, bacteria or viruses, also several sterile inorganic particles including nanoparticles reportedly activate NET formation. The physicochemical nanoparticle characteristics fostering NET formation are still elusive. Here we show that agglomerations of non-stabilized superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) induce NET formation by isolated human neutrophils, in whole blood experiments under static and dynamic conditions as well as