AUTHOR=Lazar Veronica , Ditu Lia-Mara , Pircalabioru Gratiela Gradisteanu , Gheorghe Irina , Curutiu Carmen , Holban Alina Maria , Picu Ariana , Petcu Laura , Chifiriuc Mariana Carmen TITLE=Aspects of Gut Microbiota and Immune System Interactions in Infectious Diseases, Immunopathology, and Cancer JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology VOLUME=9 YEAR=2018 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2018.01830 DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2018.01830 ISSN=1664-3224 ABSTRACT=

The microbiota consists of a dynamic multispecies community of bacteria, fungi, archaea, and protozoans, bringing to the host organism a dowry of cells and genes more numerous than its own. Among the different non-sterile cavities, the human gut harbors the most complex microbiota, with a strong impact on host homeostasis and immunostasis, being thus essential for maintaining the health condition. In this review, we outline the roles of gut microbiota in immunity, starting with the background information supporting the further presentation of the implications of gut microbiota dysbiosis in host susceptibility to infections, hypersensitivity reactions, autoimmunity, chronic inflammation, and cancer. The role of diet and antibiotics in the occurrence of dysbiosis and its pathological consequences, as well as the potential of probiotics to restore eubiosis is also discussed.