AUTHOR=Yoshimoto Tomohiro 

TITLE=The Hunt for the Source of Primary Interleukin-4: How We Discovered That Natural Killer T Cells and Basophils Determine T Helper Type 2 Cell Differentiation In Vivo

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=9

YEAR=2018

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2018.00716

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2018.00716

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=<p>Interleukin (IL)-4 plays a central role in determining the phenotype of naïve CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells by promoting their differentiation into IL-4-producing T helper type 2 (Th2) cells, which are crucial for the induction of allergic inflammation. However, to date, the potential sources of “primary IL-4” <italic>in vivo</italic>, as distinguished from IL-4 produced by Th2 cells, remain unclear. Here, I describe the research I carried out in collaboration with Dr. William E. Paul to identify “primary IL-4”-producing cells and Th2 cell differentiation <italic>in vivo</italic>.</p>