AUTHOR=Alivernini Stefano , Gremese Elisa , McSharry Charles , Tolusso Barbara , Ferraccioli Gianfranco , McInnes Iain B. , Kurowska-Stolarska Mariola 

TITLE=MicroRNA-155—at the Critical Interface of Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Arthritis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=8

YEAR=2018

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2017.01932

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2017.01932

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=<p>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that fine-tune the cell response to a changing environment by modulating the cell transcriptome. miR-155 is a multifunctional miRNA enriched in cells of the immune system and is indispensable for the immune response. However, when deregulated, miR-155 contributes to the development of chronic inflammation, autoimmunity, cancer, and fibrosis. Herein, we review the evidence for the pathogenic role of miR-155 in driving aberrant activation of the immune system in rheumatoid arthritis, and its potential as a disease biomarker and therapeutic target.</p>