AUTHOR=Schetters Sjoerd T. T. , Gomez-Nicola Diego , Garcia-Vallejo Juan J. , Van Kooyk Yvette 

TITLE=Neuroinflammation: Microglia and T Cells Get Ready to Tango

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=8

YEAR=2018

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2017.01905

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2017.01905

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=<p>In recent years, many paradigms concerning central nervous system (CNS) immunology have been challenged and shifted, including the discovery of CNS-draining lymphatic vessels, the origin and functional diversity of microglia, the impact of T cells on CNS immunological homeostasis and the role of neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases. In parallel, antigen presentation outside the CNS has revealed the vital role of antigen-presenting cells in maintaining tolerance toward self-proteins, thwarting auto-immunity. Here, we review recent findings that unite these shifted paradigms of microglial functioning, antigen presentation, and CNS-directed T cell activation, focusing on common neurodegenerative diseases. It provides an important update on CNS adaptive immunity, novel targets, and a concept of the microglia T-cell equilibrium.</p>