AUTHOR=Sônego Fabiane , Castanheira Fernanda Vargas e Silva , Ferreira Raphael Gomes , Kanashiro Alexandre , Leite Caio Abner Vitorino Gonçalves , Nascimento Daniele Carvalho , Colón David Fernando , Borges Vanessa de Fátima , Alves-Filho José Carlos , Cunha Fernando Queiróz TITLE=Paradoxical Roles of the Neutrophil in Sepsis: Protective and Deleterious JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology VOLUME=7 YEAR=2016 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2016.00155 DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2016.00155 ISSN=1664-3224 ABSTRACT=

Sepsis, an overwhelming inflammatory response syndrome secondary to infection, is one of the costliest and deadliest medical conditions worldwide. Neutrophils are classically considered to be essential players in the host defense against invading pathogens. However, several investigations have shown that impairment of neutrophil migration to the site of infection, also referred to as neutrophil paralysis, occurs during severe sepsis, resulting in an inability of the host to contain and eliminate the infection. On the other hand, the neutrophil antibacterial arsenal contributes to tissue damage and the development of organ dysfunction during sepsis. In this review, we provide an overview of the main events in which neutrophils play a beneficial or deleterious role in the outcome of sepsis.