AUTHOR=Yoshimura Teizo , Liu Mingyong , Chen Xin , Li Liangzhu , Wang Ji Ming TITLE=Crosstalk between Tumor Cells and Macrophages in Stroma Renders Tumor Cells as the Primary Source of MCP-1/CCL2 in Lewis Lung Carcinoma JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology VOLUME=6 YEAR=2015 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2015.00332 DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2015.00332 ISSN=1664-3224 ABSTRACT=
The chemokine MCP-1/CCL2 is produced by a variety of tumors and plays an important role in cancer progression. We and others previously demonstrated that the primary source of MCP-1 in several mouse tumors, including 4T1 breast cancer, M5076 sarcoma, and B16 melanoma, was stromal cells. In the present study, we identified that tumor cells were the primary source of MCP-1 in Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC), because MCP-1 mRNA was highly expressed in tumors grown in both wild type (WT) and MCP-1−/− mice with elevated serum MCP-1 levels. Since LLC cells isolated from tumors expressed low levels of MCP-1