AUTHOR=Ueno Shoogo , Sekino Masaki 

TITLE=Figure-Eight Coils for Magnetic Stimulation: From Focal Stimulation to Deep Stimulation

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

VOLUME=15

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/human-neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2021.805971

DOI=10.3389/fnhum.2021.805971

ISSN=1662-5161

ABSTRACT=<p>This article reviews the evolution and recent developments of transcranial magnetic brain stimulation using figure-eight coils to stimulate localized areas in the human brain. Geometric variations of figure-eight coils and their characteristics are reviewed and discussed for applications in neuroscience and medicine. Recent topics of figure-eight coils, such as focality of figure-eight coils, tradeoff between depth and focality, and approaches for extending depth, are discussed.</p>