AUTHOR=Li Hui , Wu Dandan , Yang Jinfeng , Xie Sha , Luo Jiutong , Chang Chunqi 

TITLE=A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Examination of the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Shifting in Dimensional Change Card Sort Task

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

VOLUME=14

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/human-neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2020.561223

DOI=10.3389/fnhum.2020.561223

ISSN=1662-5161

ABSTRACT=<p>This study aims to examine the neural correlates of cognitive shifting during the <italic>Dimensional Change Card Sort Task (DCCS)</italic> task with functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Altogether 49 children completed the <italic>DCCS</italic> tasks, and 25 children (M<sub>age</sub> = 68.66, SD = 5.3) passing all items were classified into the Switch group. Twenty children (M<sub><italic>age</italic></sub> = 62.05, SD = 8.13) committing more than one perseverative errors were grouped into the Perseverate group. The Switch group had Brodmann Area (BA) 9 and 10 activated in the pre-switch period and BA 6, 9, 10, 40, and 44 in the post-switch period. In contrast, the Perseverate group had BA 9 and 10 activated in the pre-switch period and BA 8, 9, 10 in the post-switch period. The general linear model results afford strong support to the “V-shape curve” hypothesis by identifying a significant decrease–increase cycle in BA 9 and 44, the neural correlations of cognitive shifting.</p>