AUTHOR=Wang Yana , Lü Jiaojiao , Rong Jifeng , Song Linjie , Wang Wei , Jiang Yifan , Liu Yu , Huang Lingyan 

TITLE=Acute Effects of Two Types of Dumbbell Exercise on Oxygenated Hemodynamic Concentration of Cerebral Activation in Healthy Young Male Adults: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

VOLUME=14

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/human-neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2020.519171

DOI=10.3389/fnhum.2020.519171

ISSN=1662-5161

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Purpose</bold>: To examine cerebral cortical activation differences in the frontal cortex and parietal lobe during the performance of two types of dumbbell exercise.</p><p><bold>Methods</bold>: A total of 22 young healthy male adults (mean age, 23.8 ± 2.05 years; height, 1.75 ± 0.06 m; weight, 71.4 ± 8.80 kg) participated in a crossover design study that involved two experimental exercise conditions: momentum dumbbell and conventional dumbbell. Performance tasks included 10, 10-s sets of single-arm dumbbell exercise, with a rest interval of 60 s between sets and a 5-min washout period between conditions. The primary outcome was the cerebral concentrations of oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO<sub>2</sub>) in the frontal cortex and parietal lobe assessed during performance of both exercises using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). The secondary outcome was upper-limb muscle activation measured using surface electromyography (sEMG). Outcome data were ascertained during exercise.</p><p><bold>Results</bold>: A significant between-condition difference in HbO<sub>2</sub> was observed in the frontal and parietal regions with an increase in HbO<sub>2</sub> during momentum, relative to conventional, dumbbell exercise (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05). Compared to conventional dumbbell exercise, performing a momentum dumbbell exercise led to a higher level of muscle activation in the anterior and posterior deltoids of the upper arm and in the flexor carpi radialis and extensor carpi radialis longus of the forearm (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05). However, no between-condition differences were found in the biceps and triceps brachii (<italic>p</italic> &gt; 0.05).</p><p><bold>Conclusion</bold>: Dynamic, compared with conventional, dumbbell exercise resulted in higher hemodynamic responses and greater upper-limb muscle activation in young healthy adults. The findings of this study showed differential cortical hemodynamic responses during performance of the two types of dumbbell exercise with a higher activation level produced during momentum-based dumbbell exercise.</p>