AUTHOR=Alherz Fatemah A. 

TITLE=Human sulfotransferase SULT2B1 physiological role and the impact of genetic polymorphism on enzyme activity and pathological conditions

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Genetics

VOLUME=15

YEAR=2024

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/genetics/articles/10.3389/fgene.2024.1464243

DOI=10.3389/fgene.2024.1464243

ISSN=1664-8021

ABSTRACT=<p>Human <italic>SULT2B1</italic>gene is responsible for expressing SULT2B1a and SULT2B1b enzymes, which are phase II metabolizing enzymes known as pregnenolone and cholesterol sulfotransferase (SULT), respectively. They are expressed in several tissues and contribute to steroids and hydroxysteroids homeostasis. Genetic variation of the <italic>SULT2B1</italic> is reported to be associated with various pathological conditions, including autosomal recessive ichthyosis, cardiovascular disease, and different types of cancers. Understanding the pathological impact of <italic>SULT2B1</italic> genetic polymorphisms in the human body is crucial to incorporating these findings in evaluating clinical conditions or improving therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, this paper summarized the most relevant reported studies concerning <italic>SULT2B1</italic> expression, tissue distribution, substrates, and reported genetic polymorphisms and their mechanisms in enzyme activity and pathological conditions.</p>