AUTHOR=Wu Yinteng , Zhang Bo , Nong Juan , Rodrìguez Raquel Alarcòn , Guo Wenliang , Liu Ying , Zhao Shijian , Wei Ruqiong 

TITLE=Systematic pan-cancer analysis of the potential tumor diagnosis and prognosis biomarker P4HA3

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Genetics

VOLUME=14

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/genetics/articles/10.3389/fgene.2023.1045061

DOI=10.3389/fgene.2023.1045061

ISSN=1664-8021

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Purpose:</bold> Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha 3 (<italic>P4HA3</italic>) is implicated in several cancers’ development. However, <italic>P4HA3</italic> has not been reported in other cancers, and the exact mechanism of action is currently unknown.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods:</bold> First, the expression profile of <italic>P4HA3</italic> was analyzed using a combination of the University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC) database, Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) database, and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) database. UniCox and Kaplan-Meier were used to analyze the predictive value of <italic>P4HA3</italic>. The expression of <italic>P4HA3</italic> was analyzed in clinical staging, immune subtypes, and Molecular subtypes. Secondly, the correlation of <italic>P4HA3</italic> with immunomodulatory genes, immune checkpoint genes, RNA modification genes, immune cell infiltration, cancer-related functional status, tumor stemness index, DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes and DNA Methyltransferase was examined. The role of <italic>P4HA3</italic> in DNA methylation, copy number variation (CNV), mutational status, tumor mutational burden (TMB), and microsatellite instability (MSI) was also analyzed. In addition, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to explore the potential functional mechanisms of <italic>P4HA3</italic> in pan-cancer. Finally, <italic>P4HA3</italic>-related drugs were searched in CellMiner, Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC), and Cancer Therapeutics Response Portal (CTRP) databases.</p><p><bold>Results</bold>: <italic>P4HA3</italic> is significantly overexpressed in most cancers and is associated with poor prognosis. <italic>P4HA3</italic> is strongly associated with clinical cancer stage, immune subtypes, molecular subtypes, immune regulatory genes, immune checkpoint genes, RNA modifier genes, immune cell infiltration, cancer-related functional status, tumor stemness index, MMR Gene, DNA Methyltransferase, DNA methylation, CNV, mutational status, TMB, and MSI are closely related. Available enrichment analysis revealed that <italic>P4HA3</italic> is associated with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and immune-related pathways. There are currently 20 drugs associated with <italic>P4HA3</italic>.</p><p><bold>Conclusion</bold>: In human pan-cancer, <italic>P4HA3</italic> is associated with poor patient prognosis and multiple immune cells and may be a novel immunotherapeutic target. It may act on tumor progression through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway.</p>