AUTHOR=Han Huijie , Qiu Rui , Liu Yefei , Zhou Xinyue , Gao Cuiping , Pang Yongzhen , Zhao Yan 

TITLE=Analysis of Chloroplast Genomes Provides Insights Into the Evolution of Agropyron

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Genetics

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/genetics/articles/10.3389/fgene.2022.832809

DOI=10.3389/fgene.2022.832809

ISSN=1664-8021

ABSTRACT=<p>Plants of the <italic>Agropyron</italic> genus are important pasture resources, and they also play important roles in the ecological restoration. Chloroplast genomes are inherited from maternal parents, and they are important for studying species taxonomy and evolution. In this study, we sequenced the complete chloroplast genomes of five typical species of the <italic>Agropyron</italic> genus (eg., <italic>A. cristatum</italic> × <italic>A. desertorum</italic> Fisch. Schult, <italic>A. desertorum</italic>, <italic>A. desertorum</italic> Fisch. Schult. cv. Nordan, <italic>A. michnoi</italic> Roshev, and <italic>A. mongolicum</italic> Keng) using the Illumina NovaSeq platform. We found that these five chloroplast genomes exhibit a typical quadripartite structure with a conserved genome arrangement and structure. Their chloroplast genomes contain the large single-copy regions (LSC, 79,613 bp-79,634 bp), the small single-copy regions (SSC, 12,760 bp-12,768 bp), and the inverted repeat regions (IR, 43,060 bp-43,090 bp). Each of the five chloroplast genomes contains 129 genes, including 38 tRNA genes, eight rRNA genes, and 83 protein-coding genes. Among them, the genes <italic>trnG-GCC</italic>, <italic>matK</italic>, <italic>petL</italic>, <italic>ccsA</italic>, and <italic>rpl32</italic> showed significant nucleotide diversity in these five species, and they may be used as molecular markers in taxonomic studies. Phylogenetic analysis showed that <italic>A. mongolicum</italic> is closely related to <italic>A. michnoi</italic>, while others have a closer genetic relationship with the <italic>Triticum</italic> genus.</p>