AUTHOR=Roy Bhaskar , Zhao Jing , Yang Chao , Luo Wen , Xiong Teng , Li Yong , Fang Xiaodong , Gao Guanjun , Singh Chabungbam O. , Madsen Lise , Zhou Yong , Kristiansen Karsten 

TITLE=CRISPR/Cascade 9-Mediated Genome Editing-Challenges and Opportunities

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Genetics

VOLUME=9

YEAR=2018

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/genetics/articles/10.3389/fgene.2018.00240

DOI=10.3389/fgene.2018.00240

ISSN=1664-8021

ABSTRACT=<p>Clustered Regularly Interspaced Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) and Cascade 9 (also known as Cas9, CRISPR associated protein 9) confer protection against invading viruses or plasmids. The CRISPR/Cascade 9 system constitutes one of the most powerful genome technologies available to researchers today. So far, this technology has enabled efficient genome editing and modification in several model organisms and has successfully been used in biomedicine and biomedical engineering. However, challenges for efficient and safe genetic manipulation in several organisms persist. Here, we review functional approaches and future challenges associated with the use of the CRISPR/Cascade 9 genome editing system and discuss opportunities, ethical issues and future directions within this field.</p>