Skip to main content

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW article

Front. Freshw. Sci.
Sec. Aquatic Population Health and Diseases
Volume 2 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/ffwsc.2024.1459233

New Perspectives on Metagenomic Analysis for Pathogen Monitoring in Sustainable Freshwater Aquaculture Production: A Systematic Review

Provisionally accepted
Daralyns B. Macedo Daralyns B. Macedo 1,2Thais M. dos Anjos Thais M. dos Anjos 1,2Edian F. De Los Santos Edian F. De Los Santos 3Marília D. Rodrigues Marília D. Rodrigues 4Oscar V. Alegria Oscar V. Alegria 1,2Rommel T. Ramos Rommel T. Ramos 1,2*
  • 1 Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belem, Brazil
  • 2 Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
  • 3 Universidad Tecnológica de Santiago, Santiago de los Caballeros, Santiago, Dominican Republic
  • 4 Federal Rural University of the Amazon, Belém, Brazil

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    The freshwater and saltwater aquatic food sector has experienced the most significant growth in recent years and is increasingly recognized as a sustainable alternative for fostering prosperous societies selfsufficiently and ecologically. One primary economic and health risk factor in aquaculture production is health control, with potentially more severe impacts observed in tropical and developing countries. While metagenomics holds great promise for application in agro-industrial fields like aquaculture, its adoption remains limited. Consequently, this study aimed to assess the prospects for developing and applying metagenomics in identifying pathogens in freshwater aquaculture. The WIPO database was used to search for patents developed using metagenomics to monitoring pathogens in freshwater aquaculture. Metagenomics methods have been extensively employed in different fields, such as, medicine, veterinary, biotechnology, agriculture, particularly in studies focusing on microbial communities in different ecosystems. In aquaculture, the utilization of metagenomics has predominantly revolved around investigating antibiotic resistance genes, primarily in saltwater farms. Despite this, freshwater aquaculture, particularly in fish and crustacean farming, aligns closely with sustainable development goals, notably (SDGs) 2, 3, 6, and 13. Countries such as the United States of America, South Korea, and Canada stand at the forefront of utilizing metagenomics for disease monitoring in freshwater aquaculture, evidenced by their active patent developments. The PAGE \* Arabic \* MERGEFORMAT 3 metagenomic analysis, coupled with bioinformatics tools and databases, represents a rapid, secure, and non-invasive approach to environmental monitoring for preventive purposes.

    Keywords: Aquatic systems1, fish2, crustaceans3, Disease control4, microbial community5, methods6

    Received: 04 Jul 2024; Accepted: 17 Sep 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Macedo, dos Anjos, De Los Santos, Rodrigues, Alegria and Ramos. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Rommel T. Ramos, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belem, Brazil

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.