AUTHOR=Moliterno Antonioni Acacio Campos , Jakuš Rastislav , Modlinger Roman , Unelius C. Rikard , Schlyter Fredrik , Jirošová Anna 

TITLE=Field effects of oxygenated monoterpenes and estragole combined with pheromone on attraction of Ips typographus and its natural enemies

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Forests and Global Change

VOLUME=6

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/forests-and-global-change/articles/10.3389/ffgc.2023.1292581

DOI=10.3389/ffgc.2023.1292581

ISSN=2624-893X

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Central European Norway spruce monocultures face <italic>Ips typographus</italic> outbreaks due to decreasing resistance. These beetles use volatile compounds to communicate and select suitable host trees. Spruce trees, beetles, and their symbiotic ophiostomatoid fungi emit oxygenated monoterpenes, including 1,8-cineole, α-terpineol, camphor, carvone, terpinen-4-ol, isopinocamphone, and pinocamphone, and the phenylpropanoid estragole, particularly in the infestation phase. These compounds trigger strong responses in <italic>I. typographus</italic> antennae, motivating our field study.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>This study aimed to assess how adding these compounds to the aggregation pheromone of <italic>Ips typographus</italic> modulates the attraction of this bark beetle and its natural enemies.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>In combination with <italic>I. typographus</italic> pheromone, estragole, 1,8-cineole, (±)-camphor, (–)-carvone, <italic>alpha</italic>-terpineol, (–)-terpinen-4-ol, (+)-pinocamphone, and (+)-isopinocamphone at low, medium, and high doses were tested in pheromone traps at two sites in the Czech Republic.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>All 1,8-cineole doses and the high estragole dose acted as anti-attractants for <italic>I. typographus</italic>, whereas all (+)-isopinocamphone doses enhanced their attraction to pheromone. Catches of natural enemies, the Staphylinidae and Pteromalidae, varied by location.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>1,8-cineole, isopinocamphone, and estragole may play vital roles in tritrophic interactions among spruce trees, and <italic>I. typographus</italic> and its natural enemies, and these compounds may be developed into new or enhanced semiochemical-based pest control methods.</p></sec>