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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Environ. Sci.
Sec. Freshwater Science
Volume 12 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fenvs.2024.1419413
This article is part of the Research Topic Diffuse Agricultural Water Pollution: Nutrient Capture, Recovery, and Recycling Systems View all 5 articles

Testing woodchips for their efficiency in stimulating aquatic nutrient uptake at different experimental and spatial scales

Provisionally accepted
Elmira Akbari Elmira Akbari 1,2*Tjaša Matjašič Tjaša Matjašič 3Anna-Lisa Dittrich Anna-Lisa Dittrich 2Katrin Attermeyer Katrin Attermeyer 4Rebecca C. Hood-Nowotny Rebecca C. Hood-Nowotny 2Gabriele Weigelhofer Gabriele Weigelhofer 2
  • 1 Wasser Cluster Lunz, Lunz am See, Austria
  • 2 University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  • 3 National Institute of Biology (NIB), Ljubljana, Slovenia
  • 4 University of Vienna, Vienna, Vienna, Austria

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Woodchips as a source of particulate organic carbon (POC) are proposed as a nature-based solution to enhance nutrient uptake and retention in agricultural streams. However, the effective implementation of woodchips for nutrient removal in streams requires an advanced understanding of their potential and limits, considering their performance under various environmental conditions. This study tested the efficiency of woodchips on the uptake of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) and ammonium (N-NH4) across different experimental scales and complexity. We investigated whether the presence of woodchips can increase SRP and N-NH4 uptake in laboratory flumes under controlled conditions, outdoor flumes under semi-controlled conditions, and agricultural streams. Additionally, we examined how the effects of woodchips will change over time via a 6-week incubation in the outdoor flumes. The woodchips were pre-colonized for four weeks to allow the growth of biofilms. We performed short-term nutrient additions without (control) and with (treatment) woodchips in all three experimental setups. Uptake parameters were determined via concentration changes over time in the laboratory flumes and concentration changes over travel distance in the outdoor flumes and the stream channels. The effects of woodchips on SRP and N-NH4 uptake rates were analyzed using an effect size model. We found positive effects of woodchips on nutrient uptake only in the laboratory flumes but no or even negative effects in the outdoor flumes and the agricultural streams. Over the 6-week incubation in the outdoor flumes, we did not observe significant changes in the effects of woodchips on nutrient uptake. These findings highlight that considering experimental scales and influencing environmental conditions is crucial when testing the application of woodchips as nature-based solutions to mitigate nutrient loads in agricultural streams.

    Keywords: Phosphorus removal, Agricultural streams, Nature-based solutions, organic-carbon addition, Biofilms

    Received: 18 Apr 2024; Accepted: 02 Sep 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Akbari, Matjašič, Dittrich, Attermeyer, Hood-Nowotny and Weigelhofer. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Elmira Akbari, Wasser Cluster Lunz, Lunz am See, Austria

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