AUTHOR=Rosa Poliana Aparecida Leonel , Mortinho Emariane Satin , Jalal Arshad , Galindo Fernando Shintate , Buzetti Salatiér , Fernandes Guilherme Carlos , Barco Neto Maurício , Pavinato Paulo Sergio , Teixeira Filho Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto 

TITLE=Inoculation With Growth-Promoting Bacteria Associated With the Reduction of Phosphate Fertilization in Sugarcane

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Environmental Science

VOLUME=8

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/environmental-science/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2020.00032

DOI=10.3389/fenvs.2020.00032

ISSN=2296-665X

ABSTRACT=<p>Sugarcane holds the prominent position in global economy. Extensive research is needed to enhance the efficiency of phosphorous fertilizers which increase the cost of sugarcane production more specifically in the less fertile soils which are weathered and phosphorous deficit as tropical region soils. We are currently living in a transitional period called the “Green Micro-revolution,” in which the use of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) is justified and although bacteria such as <italic>Azospirillum brasilense, Bacillus</italic>, and <italic>Pseudomonas fluorescens</italic> in other crops are recognized for increasing production however, little is known about the effects of these microorganisms on sugarcane. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of inoculation with three species of plant growth promoting bacteria (<italic>A. brasilense, Bacillus subtilis</italic>, and <italic>P. fluorescens</italic>) without or with combine application of reduced doses of phosphate fertilizer, in the P soil available, P leaf concentration, shoot yield and P accumulation in sugarcane (cane-plant) at the end of the cycle. The experiment was carried out with a sugarcane crop in a Hapludox Rhodic with low available P content, in a randomized block design with 8 × 5 factorial scheme, being eight inoculations and five P doses (0, 45, 90, 135, and 180 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) as triple superphosphate. The bacterial inoculations influenced the leaf P content, so that inoculation with <italic>B. subtilis</italic> + <italic>P. fluorescens</italic> provided the highest concentration of phosphorus in the sugarcane leaf. Both the layers of the soil were differently influenced by inoculation and P doses whereas inoculation with <italic>A. brasilense</italic> + <italic>P. fluorescens</italic> at 135 kg P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> ha<sup>−1</sup> provided the highest soil P content in the soil layer of 0–0.25 m. Although, maximum stalk yield was obtained with inoculation of <italic>B. subtilis</italic> + <italic>P. fluorescens</italic> at the dose of 135 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>. The inoculation of <italic>A. brasilense</italic> + <italic>B. subtilis</italic> with application of 45 kg P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> ha<sup>−1</sup> improved dry matter, total P accumulation and stalk production by 38% in sugarcane variety (RB92579) and reduced P fertilization by 75% for the same variety grown in low-P soil.</p>