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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Energy Res.
Sec. Energy Storage
Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fenrg.2025.1574188
This article is part of the Research Topic Optimization and Data-driven Approaches for Energy Storage-based Demand Response to Achieve Power System Flexibility View all 24 articles
Cooperative Control of Virtual Energy Storage Devices for Energy Regulation and Rapid Frequency Support
Provisionally accepted- Hebei Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy Storage and Microgrid, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, China
Various controllable resources participate in energy regulation and rapid support in the form of virtual energy storage (VES), which can significantly simplify control parameters, and facilitate the evaluation of the microgrids' economic and secure operational reserves. In this paper, the power density virtual energy storage (PDVES) model and the energy density virtual energy storage (EDVES) model are established, respectively. The wind turbines, photovoltaics (PVs), controllable loads, and electric vehicles (EVs) are equated to EDVES and PDVES, respectively. Furthermore, an economic calculation model for microgrids incorporating VES is developed, and an energy regulation framework for microgrids is constructed with virtual current (VCU) and virtual capacitor (VCA) as scheduling parameters. With the frequency security of islanded microgrids as a constraint, a rapid support coordinated control strategy for PDVES and EDVES is proposed to ensure the economic and secure operation of microgrids across multiple time scales. Finally, a high-proportion renewable energy test system with VES is established. The test results demonstrate that under the proposed VES control, the energy regulation and dynamic stability control performance of the microgrid can be significantly improved.
Keywords: Virtual battery, virtual capacitor, energy regulation, Frequency support, dynamic stability
Received: 10 Feb 2025; Accepted: 24 Mar 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Yang, Wang, Wei and Cao. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Yabo Cao, Hebei Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy Storage and Microgrid, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, China
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