AUTHOR=Khetib Yacine , Abo-Dief Hala M. , Alanazi Abdullah K. , Cheraghian Goshtasp , Sajadi S. Mohammad , Sharifpur Mohsen 

TITLE=Simulation of Nanofluid Flow in a Micro-Heat Sink With Corrugated Walls Considering the Effect of Nanoparticle Diameter on Heat Sink Efficiency

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Energy Research

VOLUME=9

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/energy-research/articles/10.3389/fenrg.2021.769374

DOI=10.3389/fenrg.2021.769374

ISSN=2296-598X

ABSTRACT=<p>In this numerical work, the cooling performance of water–Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanofluid (NF) in a novel microchannel heat sink with wavy walls (WMH-S) is investigated. The focus of this article is on the effect of NP diameter on the cooling efficiency of the heat sink. The heat sink has four inlets and four outlets, and it receives a constant heat flux from the bottom. CATIA and CAMSOL software were used to design the model and simulate the NF flow and heat transfer, respectively. The effects of the Reynolds number (<inline-formula id="inf1"><mml:math id="m1" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>R</mml:mi><mml:mi>e</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula>) and volume percentage of nanoparticles (Fi) on the outcomes are investigated. One of the most significant results of this work was the reduction in the maximum and average temperatures of the H-S by increasing both the <inline-formula id="inf2"><mml:math id="m2" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>R</mml:mi><mml:mi>e</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> and Fi. In addition, the lowest <inline-formula id="inf3"><mml:math id="m3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>T</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi>m</mml:mi><mml:mi>a</mml:mi><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> and pumping power belong to the state of low NP diameter and higher Fi. The addition of nanoparticles reduces the heat sink maximum temperature by 3.8 and 2.5% at the Reynolds numbers of 300 and 1800, respectively. Furthermore, the highest figure of merit (FOM) was approximately 1.25, which occurred at <inline-formula id="inf4"><mml:math id="m4" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>R</mml:mi><mml:mi>e</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>1800</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> and Fi = 5%. Eventually, it was revealed that the best performance of the WMH-S was observed in the case of <inline-formula id="inf5"><mml:math id="m5" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>R</mml:mi><mml:mi>e</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>807.87</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula>, volume percentage of 0.0437%, and NP diameter of 20 nm.</p>