AUTHOR=Nascimento Júlia A. C. , Pinto Bianca P. , Calado Verônica M. A. , Mota Claudio J. A. TITLE=Synthesis of Solketal Fuel Additive From Acetone and Glycerol Using CO2 as Switchable Catalyst JOURNAL=Frontiers in Energy Research VOLUME=7 YEAR=2019 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/energy-research/articles/10.3389/fenrg.2019.00058 DOI=10.3389/fenrg.2019.00058 ISSN=2296-598X ABSTRACT=

The production of solketal fuel additive was studied from the reaction of glycerol and acetone in the presence of pressurized CO2 as switchable catalyst. A design of experiments (DoE) was used to study the significance of temperature, initial pressure of CO2, glycerol/acetone molar ratio, and reaction time. The response variable was the glycerol conversion that was analyzed by GC-MS. Temperature, reaction time and initial pressure of CO2 were statistically significant whereas the molar ratio of glycerol/acetone was not. The maximum conversion at the optimal conditions (118°C, 42 bar and 5 h) was 61%. Reactions with glycerol doped with common contaminants present in the glycerin of biodiesel production was also carried out. Water has a drastic effect on the conversion, as well as the concomitant addition of water and NaCl. Reactions with a glycerin of biodiesel production, using NaOH or Ba(OH)2 as catalyst of transesterification, gave 6 and 20% conversion, respectively.