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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Endocrinol.
Sec. Bone Research
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1534232
Evaluating the Triglyceride Glucose Index as a Predictive Biomarker for Osteoporosis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Provisionally accepted
Jinxiang Zhan 1,2
Qipeng Wei 2
Shiji Chen 1 Weijun Guo 2 Zihao Liu 1 Qingyan Huang 2 Shuang Liang 1 Dongling Cai 1,2*- 1 Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- 2 Guangzhou Panyu District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
Objective: Osteoporosis is a common condition among individuals with type 2 diabetes; however, the relationship between insulin resistance, as measured by the Triglyceride Glucose Index (TyG), and osteoporosis has not been sufficiently explored. This study seeks to address this research gap by investigating the diagnostic value of TyG in identifying osteoporosis in patients with type 2 diabetes.A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data from 207 diabetic subjects (83 in the osteoporosis group, 124 in the non-osteoporosis group), using SPSS version 27.0 and MedCalc 23 for statistical analysis.Results: Significant statistical differences were noted between the two groups in terms of gender, age, hemoglobin levels, red blood cell count, total cholesterol levels, and the TyG. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that gender, age, and TyG are independent predictors of osteoporosis in patients with type 2 diabetes. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the area under the curve for TyG, gender, age, and their combination in predicting osteoporosis among patients with T2DM was 0.653, 0.698, 0.760, and 0.857, respectively. Additionally, the diagnostic performance of the TyG value was effectively evaluated, determining 8.78 as the optimal cutoff value, with a corresponding sensitivity of 89.1% and specificity of 52.4%. Meanwhile, the predictive model constructed using gender, age, and the TyG index achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.857 (95% confidence interval: 0.801~0.901), with a maximum Youden index of 0.629. The corresponding diagnostic sensitivity was 83.1% and the specificity was 79.8%.The TyG holds potential to serve as a prominent biomarker for the diagnosis of osteoporosis among type
Keywords: Triglyceride glucose index, type 2 diabetes mellitus, Osteoporosis, Risk factor analysis, Prediction model
Received: 25 Nov 2024; Accepted: 10 Mar 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Zhan, Wei, Chen, Guo, Liu, Huang, Liang and Cai. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Dongling Cai, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.