CASE REPORT article
Front. Endocrinol.
Sec. Clinical Diabetes
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1519586
This article is part of the Research TopicTissue Crosstalk in Obesity and Diabetes: A Focus on Skeletal MuscleView all 7 articles
Circulating prosaposin and ependymin-related protein 1 levels are correlated with insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients
Provisionally accepted
- 1Department of Endocrinology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- 2Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
Select one of your emails
You have multiple emails registered with Frontiers:
Notify me on publication
Please enter your email address:
If you already have an account, please login
You don't have a Frontiers account ? You can register here
Objective Skeletal muscle and adipose tissues secrete myokines and adipokines to regulate energy metabolism. Experimental evidence indicates that prosaposin (PSAP) and ependymin-related protein 1 (EPDR1) are involved in the regulation of thermogenesis and energy metabolism. To our knowledge, little literature has been found dealing with PSAP and EPDR1 levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate possible relationships between both peptide levels and insulin resistance indexes in type 2 diabetic subjects. Methods The study groups consisted of 64 T2DM subjects and 22 normal controls. Serum PSAP and EPDR1 concentrations were determined using immunosorbent assay kits. Results The serum PSAP (319.6±78.38 vs. 207.2±42.43, P<0.0001) and EPDR1 (7.988±3.484 vs. 6.399±3.788, P=0.0823) concentrations were higher in T2DM subjects than normal controls. In addition, positive correlations were found between: PSAP and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels (r = 0.5004; P< 0.0001), PSAP and Hemoglobin A1c (HAb1c) (r = 0.4688; P< 0.0001), PSAP and C-peptide (r = 0.3981; P = 0.0003), PSAP and triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) (r = 0.2362; P< 0.0001), PSAP and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (r = 0.3314; P = 0.0035), PSAP and homeostasis model assessment of C-peptide resistance (HOMA-CR) (r = 0.5486; P< 0.0001), EPDR1 and insulin (r = 0.2291; P = 0.045), EPDR1 and HOMA-IR (r = 0.2462; P = 0.0309) in both T2DM and normal control subjects. Conclusions Our results indicated that T2DM individuals have higher serum PSAP and EPDR1 levels, and both peptide concentrations were positively correlative to insulin (INS) resistance levels. PSAP and EPDR1 levels may be taken as potential biomarkers to forecast the development of T2DM.
Keywords: PSAP, EPDR1, T2DM, Insulin Resistance, Adipokine
Received: 30 Oct 2024; Accepted: 14 Apr 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Ji, Wang, Xu, Cao, Fang and Zhang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Penghua Fang, Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
Zhenwen Zhang, Department of Endocrinology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.