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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Endocrinol.
Sec. Clinical Diabetes
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1407873
This article is part of the Research Topic Body Composition Assessment and Future Disease Risk View all 9 articles
Non-linear Relationship: Visceral Adiposity Index and the Risk of Prediabetes and Diabetes
Provisionally accepted- 1 Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- 2 School of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
The visceral adiposity index represents a valuable tool for assessing visceral fat accumulation. However, its non-linear association with prediabetes and diabetes requires further elucidation. Therefore, we aim to clarify the intricate interplay between the visceral adiposity index and these dysglycemic conditions.The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database from 1999 to 2018 was utilized to analyze health data from 24,072 participants. A multivariate logistic regression model was employed to evaluate the independent association between visceral adiposity index and prediabetes and diabetes while considering potential confounding factors. Generalized additive models were applied to identify any nonlinear relationships by fitting smooth curves.Additionally, stratified analysis based on different baseline characteristics was conducted along with interactive analysis.Upon accounting for all relevant variables, individuals in the lowest quartile of visceral adiposity index had a notably diminished likelihood of progressing to prediabetes and diabetes when contrasted with those in the other three quartiles. The odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were as follows: 1.37 (1.23, 1.53), 1.87 (1.65, 2.12), and 2.80 (2.33, 3.37). More importantly, a non-linear association was observed between these two, with a threshold identified at 2.10.There exists a notable and positive association between visceral adiposity index and prediabetes and diabetes, displaying non-linear attributes in this evaluation of the relationship.Risk assessment and early prevention strategies targeting the maintenance of low levels of visceral adiposity index may substantially diminish the likelihood of developing prediabetes and diabetes.
Keywords: visceral adiposity index, prediabetes, diabetes, non-linear relationship, NHANES
Received: 27 Mar 2024; Accepted: 28 Feb 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Huang, Liao, Lu, Yin, Ma and Wen. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Yue Wen, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610017, Sichuan Province, China
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