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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Endocrinol.
Sec. Clinical Diabetes
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1458521
This article is part of the Research Topic Is Insulin Resistance the Eminence Grise of Aging and Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases? View all articles

Associations between non-insulin-based insulin resistance indices and diabetic nephropathy in patients with diabetes mellitus in US adults: a cross-sectional study of NHANES 1999-2018

Provisionally accepted
Fan Zhang Fan Zhang 1,2Yan Han Yan Han 1,2Yonghua Mao Yonghua Mao 1,2Wenjian Li Wenjian Li 1,3*
  • 1 Changzhou Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, China
  • 2 Department of Endocrinology, Changzhou Third People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
  • 3 Department of Urology, Changzhou Third People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    This study investigated the associations between non-insulin-based insulin resistance indices (METS-IR, TyG, TG/HDL, and TyG-BMI) and the risk of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in US adults with diabetes mellitus (DM).This study was based on the 1999-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database and included 6,891 patients with DM for cross-sectional analysis. Multivariate adjusted models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were employed to assess the association between the insulin resistance index and the risk of DN. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore the impact of different population characteristics.The results indicated that higher quartiles of METS-IR, TyG, TG/HDL, and TyG-BMI were associated with a significantly increased risk of DN. After adjusting for multiple covariates, including gender, age, and race, the associations between these indices and the risk of DN remained significant, with corresponding odds ratios (ORs) of 1.51 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29-1.76), 2.06 (95% CI: 1.77-2.40), 1.61 (95% CI: 1.38-1.88), and 1.57 (95% CI: 1.35-1.84), with all P-values less than 0.001. RCS analysis indicated a nonlinear relationship between these indices and the risk of DN.The TyG index exhibited a highly consistent association with the risk of DN in all models.Conclusion: Non-insulin-based insulin resistance indices are significantly associated with the risk of DN. The TyG index is a superior tool for assessing the risk of DN.These indices can assist in identifying patients at risk of DN, thereby enabling the implementation of more effective preventive and therapeutic strategies.

    Keywords: Insulin Resistance, non-insulin-based, diabetic nephropathy, Diabetes Mellitus, NHANES

    Received: 02 Jul 2024; Accepted: 22 Nov 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Zhang, Han, Mao and Li. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Wenjian Li, Changzhou Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, China

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