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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Endocrinol.
Sec. Translational and Clinical Endocrinology
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1446276

Cardiometabolic index and the risk of new-onset chronic diseases: Results of a national prospective longitudinal study

Provisionally accepted
Liyuan Zhuo Liyuan Zhuo 1Mingxi Lai Mingxi Lai 2Lulu Wan Lulu Wan 2Xuan Zhang Xuan Zhang 3*Ronglin Chen Ronglin Chen 1*
  • 1 Longgang Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
  • 2 Baoan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
  • 3 College of Medicine, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background: The cardiometabolic index (CMI) has emerged as a novel marker for evaluating the distribution and dysfunction of visceral adipose tissue, yet its correlation with numerous diseases, particularly new-onset chronic conditions, remains underexplored. Therefore, we aim to explore the association of cardiometabolic index (CMI) and new-onset chronic diseases. Methods: The analysis utilized data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, with a baseline in 2011 and follow-ups biennially until 2020. Fourteen new-onset chronic diseases were diagnosed based on self-report, and separate cohorts were created for each disease. CMI was calculated as triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol multiplied by the waist-to-height ratio. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association between CMI and new-onset chronic diseases, while restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were employed to explore potential nonlinear effects. Additional and sensitivity analyses included Kaplan-Meier survival curves, subgroup analyses, multiple imputations, and exclude outcome events at the first follow-up. Results: Higher levels of CMI were associated with an increased risk of new-onset hypertension (HR=1.05, 95% CI=1.04-1.06, P<0.001), diabetes (HR=1.08, 95% CI=1.06-1.09, P<0.001), dyslipidemia (HR=1.07, 95% CI=1.06-1.09, P<0.001), liver disease (HR=1.05, 95% CI=1.03-1.07, P<0.003), and stroke (HR=1.04, 95% CI=1.02-1.06, P<0.001), although the association with stroke was not significant after adjusting for confounders (HR=1.02, 95% CI=1.00-1.05, P=0.054). Participants in the highest quartile of CMI had a significantly higher risk of these diseases compared to those in the lowest quartile. RCS analyses showed a significant nonlinear relationship between CMI and the risk of these diseases above. Conclusions: CMI showed a significant positive association with the risk of new-onset chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and liver disease. Future applications of CMI hold promise as an effective marker for early identification of chronic disease risk.

    Keywords: ：CMI, chronic diseases, longitudinal study, CHARLS, New-onset

    Received: 09 Jun 2024; Accepted: 07 Oct 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Zhuo, Lai, Wan, Zhang and Chen. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Xuan Zhang, College of Medicine, Shantou University, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong Province, China
    Ronglin Chen, Longgang Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China

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