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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Endocrinol.
Sec. Clinical Diabetes
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1445934
This article is part of the Research Topic Deepening the Relationship between Diabetes, Oral Health and Periodontal Disease View all 6 articles

Longitudinal Study on Metabolic Abnormalities and Diabetes Risk in Normal-Weight Japanese Adults

Provisionally accepted
Cheng Huang Cheng Huang Zhichao Gao Zhichao Gao Yuhang Zhang Yuhang Zhang Guofeng Li Guofeng Li *
  • The First people's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background: Diabetes is a significant global health concern, with a growing prevalence in Japan. Individuals with normal body mass index who are metabolically unhealthy exhibit an elevated risk of diabetes onset. Investigating the relationship between Metabolically Unhealthy Normal-weight (MUNW) status and the risk of diabetes in non-diabetic individual is vital for implementing early preventive strategies. Methods: Using data from the NAGALA cohort, This study categorized 8,194 Japanese adults based on the score of metabolic syndrome (MetS) components they possessed. Cox proportional hazards regression models and multivariate logistic regression were used to assess the relationship between MUNW and the risk of developing diabetes, with analyses stratified by age and sex. Results: During an average follow-up of 7.19 years, 123 participants (1.5%) were diagnosed with diabetes. Among the participants, 766 (9.35%) were classified as MUNW, and 157 (1.92%) as having MetS. Compared to those with no MetS components, individuals with 1, 2, and ≥3 MetS components had progressively higher adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for developing diabetes, at 4.56, 8.79, and 25.16, respectively. Further stratified analysis revealed that men aged ≤40 years had the highest risk of developing diabetes. For men, the adjusted HRs for having 1, 2, and ≥3 MetS components were 5.61, 7.80, and 28.59, respectively, and for participants aged ≤40 years, the HRs were 12.31, 25.57, and 129.82, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of MUNW in non-diabetic individuals in Japan is 9.35%.The score of MetS components was positively correlated with the risk of diabetes. Early intervention and lifestyle modifications are crucial, especially for MUNW individuals and notably young Japanese men aged ≤40 years, for the prevention and management of diabetes.

    Keywords: Metabolically unhealthy normal-weight (MUNW), Metabolic syndrome (MetS), Japanese adults, diabetes, longitudinal study

    Received: 08 Jun 2024; Accepted: 13 Aug 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Huang, Gao, Zhang and Li. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Guofeng Li, The First people's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.