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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Endocrinol.
Sec. Renal Endocrinology
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1408781
This article is part of the Research Topic Cardiometabolic Diseases: Therapeutic Targets Discovery and Mechanism Study View all 5 articles

Association between cardiometabolic index (CMI) and kidney stone from NHANES: a population-based study

Provisionally accepted
Qianqian Wang Qianqian Wang 1Zhaoxiang Wang Zhaoxiang Wang 1Zaixiang Tang Zaixiang Tang 2Can Liu Can Liu 2*Ying Pan Ying Pan 1Shao Zhong Shao Zhong 1*
  • 1 First People's Hospital of Kunshan, Kunshan, China
  • 2 Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Purpose: The Cardiometabolic Index (CMI) is a novel marker of visceral obesity and dyslipidemia. Our study aimed to explore the association between CMI and kidney stones among US adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among adults with complete records of CMI and kidney stones information from the 2011 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to balance the baseline characteristics of the study population. The independent relationship between CMI and kidney stones was evaluated using IPTW-adjusted multivariate logistic regression, restricted cubic splines (RCS), and subgroup analysis. Results: A total of 9,177 participants, with an average CMI of 0.72 (0.99), were included in this study. The IPTW-adjusted logistic regression revealed that CMI was an independent risk factor for kidney stones. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for kidney stones were 1.39 (95% CI: 1.24 – 1.56, P < 0.001) for the second CMI tertile and 1.31 (95% CI: 1.17 – 1.47, P < 0.001) for the third CMI tertile, compared with the first CMI tertile. A linear relationship between CMI levels and kidney stone risk was observed in the RCS analysis. Subgroup analysis showed that the association between CMI levels and kidney stone risk remained stable across groups. Conclusions: A positive association between CMI level and the risk of kidney stones was observed among US adults in our study. Further large-scale prospective studies are needed to validate our findings.

    Keywords: NHANES, Cardiometabolic index, Kidney stone, Population-based Study, Linear relationship

    Received: 28 Mar 2024; Accepted: 09 Sep 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Wang, Wang, Tang, Liu, Pan and Zhong. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Can Liu, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
    Shao Zhong, First People's Hospital of Kunshan, Kunshan, China

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