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SYSTEMATIC REVIEW article
Front. Endocrinol.
Sec. Clinical Diabetes
Volume 15 - 2024 |
doi: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1395771
This article is part of the Research Topic Molecular Mechanisms of Mental Disorders: The Contribution of Genetic and Environmental Factors View all articles
Schizophrenia and Type 2 Diabetes Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Provisionally accepted- 1 Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- 2 Qingdao Mental Health Center, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
- 3 Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong Province, China
The metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia has consistently been a challenge for clinicians. Previous studies indicate that individuals with schizophrenia are highly prone to developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In recent years, a continuous stream of new observational studies has been reported, emphasizing the pressing need for clinicians to gain a more precise understanding of the association between schizophrenia and T2DM. The objective of this meta-analysis is to integrate new observational studies and further explore the potential link between schizophrenia and the risk of T2DM.We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science using medical subject headings (MeSH) and relevant keywords. The risk of bias in cohort studies and case-control studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), while crosssectional studies were evaluated using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality scale (AHRQ), scoring was based on the content of the original studies. A fixed-effects model was employed if P > 0.1 and I2 ≤ 50%, indicating low heterogeneity. Conversely, a random-effects model was utilized if I2 > 50%, indicating substantial heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Egger's test. Statistical analyses were carried out using Stata statistical software version 14.0.Results: This meta-analysis comprised 32 observational studies, involving a total of 2,007,168 patients with schizophrenia and 35,883,980 without schizophrenia, published from 2004 to 2023. The pooled analysis revealed a significant association between a history of schizophrenia and an increased risk of T2DM (Odds Ratio [OR] = 2.15; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.83-2.52; I2 = 98.9%, P < 0.001). Stratified by gender, females with schizophrenia (OR = 2.12; 95% CI: 1.70-2.64; I2 = 90.7%, P < 0.001) had a significantly higher risk of T2DM than males (
Keywords: Schizophrenia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM, Systematic review, Meta-analysis, Observational study
Received: 04 Mar 2024; Accepted: 23 Aug 2024.
Copyright: © 2024 Dong, Wang, QU, 郑 and Sun. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Ping Sun, Qingdao Mental Health Center, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
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