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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Endocrinol.
Sec. Bone Research
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1363018
This article is part of the Research Topic Organ System Crosstalk in Degenerative Musculoskeletal Diseases View all 11 articles

The association between primary frozen shoulder and serum lipids may be overestimated: evidence based on retrospective observational studies and Mendelian randomization

Provisionally accepted
Yongchao Zhang Yongchao Zhang 1*Wenhao Fan Wenhao Fan 2*Yichang Wang Yichang Wang 3Tengjing Dong Tengjing Dong 4*Deding Liu Deding Liu 1*Yiming Shao Yiming Shao 1*
  • 1 Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
  • 2 Zhengzhou Orthopedics Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
  • 3 Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
  • 4 Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background: Previous studies have shown that dyslipidemia is significantly associated with primary frozen shoulder and may be a risk factor for the development of primary frozen shoulder. However, these findings may be biased by a number of confounding factors. We investigated the association between serum lipids and primary frozen shoulder by retrospective analysis and two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) methods.Methods: This retrospective observational study included 284 patients with primary frozen shoulder diagnosed from October 2020 to October 2023 at four centers as the experimental group. Patients with diabetes and thyroid dysfunction were excluded. The control group consisted of age-and sexmatched people who underwent a health checkup. We compared total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) between the two groups. Genetic variants for the serum lipids and frozen shoulder were then extracted from large-scale genome-wide association studies. Causal effects were assessed using Inverse variance weighting (IVW), Weighted median, MR-Egger, simple and weighted models in MR analysis.The analysis showed that after excluding patients with diabetes and thyroid dysfunction, the serum lipids (TC, TG, HDL, and LDL) in the primary frozen shoulder group were no different from those of normal individuals. None of the MR methods found significant causal evidence between them. Conclusions: Dyslipidemia in patients with primary frozen shoulder may be influenced by confounding factors such as diabetes and thyroid dysfunction. These findings deepen our understanding of primary frozen shoulder risk factors.

    Keywords: Primary frozen shoulder, Serum lipid, Mendelian randomization, Correlation, causality

    Received: 29 Dec 2023; Accepted: 26 Dec 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Zhang, Fan, Wang, Dong, Liu and Shao. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Yongchao Zhang, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
    Wenhao Fan, Zhengzhou Orthopedics Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
    Tengjing Dong, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
    Deding Liu, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
    Yiming Shao, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China

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