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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Endocrinol.
Sec. Clinical Diabetes
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1343172

Air Pollution Exposure during Preconception and First Trimester of Pregnancy and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in a Large Pregnancy Cohort, Hebei Province, China

Provisionally accepted
Meiling Tian Meiling Tian 1*Ying Jin Ying Jin 1Li-Yan Du Li-Yan Du 2Gui-Yun Zhou Gui-Yun Zhou 3Cui Zhang Cui Zhang 1Guo- Juan Ma Guo- Juan Ma 1Yin Shi Yin Shi 1
  • 1 Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
  • 2 Hebei Center for Women and Children's Health, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
  • 3 Hebei Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Objective: To explore the relationship between the exposure level of particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and particulate matter 10 (PM10) in the air of pregnant women during preconception and first trimester of pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM）. Methods：The data of pregnant women delivered in 22 monitoring hospitals in Hebei Province from 2019 to 2021 were collected, and the daily air quality data of their cities were used to calculate the exposure levels of PM2.5 and PM10 in different pregnancy stages, Results：108,429 singleton live deliveries were included in the study，of which 12,967 (12.0%) women had a GDM diagnosis. The prevalence of GDM increased over the course of the study from 10.2% (2019) to 14.9% (2021). From 2019 to 2021, the average exposure of PM2.5 and PM10 was relatively 56.67 and 103.08μg/m3 during the period of preconception and first trimester of pregnancy in Hebei Province. Handan, Shijiazhuang, and Xingtai regions had the most severe exposure to PM2.5 and PM10, while Zhangjiakou, Chengde, and Qinhuangdao had significantly lower exposure levels than other regions. The GDM group had statistically higher exposure concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 during the period of preconception, first trimester, preconception and first trimester (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of GDM increases by 4.5%, 6.0%, and 10.6% for every 10ug/m3 increase in the average exposure value of PM2.5 in preconception, first trimester, preconception and first trimester, and 1.7%, 2.1%, and 3.9% for PM10. Moreover, High exposure to PM2.5 in the first, second, and third months of preconception and first trimester is associated with the risk of GDM. And high exposure to PM10 in the first, second, and third months of first trimester and the first, and third months of preconception is associated with the risk of GDM. Conclusion：Exposure to high concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 during preconception and first trimester of pregnancy can significantly increase the risk of GDM. It is important to take precautions to prevent exposure to pollutants, reduce the risk of GDM, and improve maternal and fetal outcomes.

    Keywords: Air Pollution, gestational diabetes mellitus, PM2.5, PM10, Hebei

    Received: 23 Nov 2023; Accepted: 26 Aug 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Tian, Jin, Du, Zhou, Zhang, Ma and Shi. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Meiling Tian, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China

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