AUTHOR=Bellia Chiara , Andreadi Aikaterini , D’Ippolito Ilenia , Scola Letizia , Barraco Sonia , Meloni Marco , Lauro Davide , Bellia Alfonso 

TITLE=Prevalence and risk of new-onset diabetes mellitus after COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Endocrinology

VOLUME=14

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2023.1215879

DOI=10.3389/fendo.2023.1215879

ISSN=1664-2392

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Aims</title><p>After the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection, the onset of glycemic impairment and diabetes have been reported. Nevertheless, the exact burden of glycemic impairment and diabetes after COVID-19 has not been clearly described.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Electronic search was run in Pubmed (MEDLINE), Web of Science, Scopus, and <uri xlink:href="https://www.ClinicalTrial.org" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ClinicalTrial.org</uri> for reports published from database inception to September 2022. We included observational studies reporting quantitative data on diabetes prevalence or its onset in subjects with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection from at least 60 days. Risk of bias was assessed by the JBI’s critical appraisal checklist. Random effect model was used to calculate pooled data. The review protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022310722).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Among 1,630 records screened, 20 studies were included in the analysis. The mean or median age of participants ranged from ~ 35 to 64 years, with a percentage of males ranging from 28% to 80%. Only two studies were considered at low risk of bias. The estimate of diabetes prevalence, calculated on a total of 320,948 participants pooled with 38,731 cases, was 16% (95%CI: 11-22%). The estimate of proportion of incident cases of diabetes was 1.6% (95%CI: 0.8-2.7%). Subgroup analysis showed that previous hospitalization increased the prevalence of diabetes and the proportion of incident cases.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Diabetes is common in individuals who have experienced SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially if they required hospitalization. This data may be helpful to screen for diabetes and manage its complications in individuals who experienced COVID-19.</p></sec><sec><title>Systematic review registration</title><p><uri xlink:href="https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022310722" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022310722</uri>, identifier CRD42022310722.</p></sec>