AUTHOR=Jia Shunjie , Liao Jian , Wang Yucheng , Zheng Wenbiao , Jin Jinghua , Xu Weifang , Zheng Qi 

TITLE=Prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with nephrolithiasis and vice versa: a cumulative analysis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Endocrinology

VOLUME=14

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2023.1180183

DOI=10.3389/fendo.2023.1180183

ISSN=1664-2392

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Nephrolithiasis is thought to be a risk factor for osteoporosis, but data assessing if osteoporosis predisposes to the risk of nephrolithiasis are lacking. The present study aims to investigate whether patients with nephrolithiasis have a prominently higher prevalence of osteoporosis than the controls and <italic>vice versa</italic> via a cumulative analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Four databases were used to detect the eligible studies. We calculated the relative risk (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) to assess the combined effect. The methodologies for conducting this study followed the PRISMA guidelines and were registered in the PROSPERO (ID: CRD42023395875),</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Nine case-control or cohort studies with a total of 454,464 participants were finally included. Combined results indicated that there was a significantly higher prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with nephrolithiasis as compared to the general population without nephrolithiasis (overall RR from six studies= 1.204, 95%CI: 1.133 to 1.28, <italic>P</italic>&lt; 0.001; heterogeneity: <italic>I<sup>2 </sup>= </italic>34.8%, <italic>P</italic>= 0.162). Conversely, osteoporosis was significantly correlated to an increased risk of nephrolithiasis as compared to the controls without osteoporosis (overall RR from four studies= 1.505, 95%CI: 1.309 to 1.731, <italic>P</italic>&lt; 0.001; <italic>I<sup>2 </sup>= </italic>89.8%, <italic>P</italic>&lt; 0.001). Sensitivity analysis on the two categories validated the above findings. No significant publication bias was identified in this study.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>The present study highlighted a significantly high prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with nephrolithiasis and <italic>vice versa</italic>. This reciprocal association reminded the clinicians to conduct a regular follow-up assessment when managing patients with nephrolithiasis or osteoporosis, especially for the elderly.</p></sec><sec><title>Systematic review registration</title><p><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#searchadvanced" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#searchadvanced</ext-link>, identifier CRD42023395875.</p></sec>