AUTHOR=Yang Pei , Li DongDong , Li Xiaokang , Tan Zongbiao , Wang Huan , Niu Xiaona , Han Yang , Lian Cheng 

TITLE=High-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels is negatively associated with intertrochanter bone mineral density in adults aged 50 years and older

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Endocrinology

VOLUME=14

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2023.1109427

DOI=10.3389/fendo.2023.1109427

ISSN=1664-2392

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Background</title><p>High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) has long been viewed as a protective factor for cardiovascular health. Yet, higher HDL-C was not necessarily beneficial. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between HDL-C levels and intertrochanter bone mineral density.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>The study collected the most recent data from the 2017-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Weighted multiple regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between HDL-C and intertrochanter BMD, and further subgroup analysis and threshold effect analysis were conducted. Finally, the relationship between HDL-C and intertrochanter BMD was analyzed by fitting smooth curves.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>The study included 3,345 people ranging in age from 50 to 80. HDL-C was discovered to be negatively correlated with intertrochanter BMD (β = -0.03, 95%CI: -0.04, -0.01, <italic>P</italic> = 0.0002). In subgroup analysis, the negative correlation was found among 60-70-year-olds (β = -0.04, 95%CI: -0.06, -0.02, <italic>P</italic> = 0.0010), additionally, non-Hispanic whites (β = -0.03, 95%CI: -0.05, -0.01, <italic>P</italic> = 0.0140), and obese individuals (β = -0.03, 95%CI: -0.05, -0.01, <italic>P</italic> = 0.0146). The negative correlation, on the other hand, remained significant and consistent across genders, menstruation status, hormone usage, and long-term use of steroids. The relationship between HDL-C and intertrochanter BMD was an inverted U-shaped curve in men and hormone users, with inflection points of 1.01 mmol/L and 1.71 mmol/L, and an U-shaped curve in other Hispanic and premenopausal individuals, with inflection points of 0.96 mmol/L and 1.89 mmol/L.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>HDL-C was negatively associated with intertrochanter BMD in people over 50 years of age, non-Hispanic whites, and obesity.</p></sec>