AUTHOR=Tanaka Masashi , Yamakage Hajime , Muranaka Kazuya , Yamada Tsutomu , Araki Rika , Ogo Atsushi , Matoba Yuka , Watanabe Tetsuhiro , Saito Miho , Kurita Seiichiro , Yonezawa Kazuya , Tanaka Tsuyoshi , Suzuki Masahiro , Sawamura Morio , Matsumoto Morio , Nishimura Motonobu , Kusakabe Toru , Wada Hiromichi , Hasegawa Koji , Kotani Kazuhiko , Noda Mitsuhiko , Satoh-Asahara Noriko 

TITLE=Higher Serum Soluble TREM2 as a Potential Indicative Biomarker for Cognitive Impairment in Inadequately Controlled Type 2 Diabetes Without Obesity: The DOR-KyotoJ-1

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Endocrinology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.880148

DOI=10.3389/fendo.2022.880148

ISSN=1664-2392

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Objective</title><p>Type 2 diabetes is a risk factor for dementia. We investigated whether serum levels of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell 2 (sTREM2), a soluble form of the cell surface receptor TREM2, were predictive of cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes without obesity.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>A total of 166 Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes without obesity were followed-up for 2 years. We measured clinical parameters, assessed cognitive function using the mini-mental state examination (MMSE), quantified and divided serum sTREM2 levels into quartiles, and examined the longitudinal associations.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>During the follow-up, HbA<sub>1c</sub> levels were elevated in 98 patients and decreased in 68 patients. In the HbA<sub>1c</sub>-elevated group, higher sTREM2 levels at baseline showed a significant association with a greater tendency for reduction in MMSE scores (<italic>P</italic> for trend = 0.015), whereas they were not significantly associated with other examined parameters. In the HbA<sub>1c</sub>-decreased group, there was no significant association between sTREM2 levels at baseline and changes in MMSE scores, but higher sTREM2 levels at baseline were significantly associated with a greater tendency for reduction in waist circumference (<italic>P</italic> for trend = 0.027), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (<italic>P</italic> for trend = 0.039), and sTREM2 levels (<italic>P</italic> for trend = 0.023).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Glycemic control is suggested to be important in preventing cognitive impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes without obesity. Higher serum sTREM2 levels would be a predictive marker for cognitive impairment in inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes without obesity.</p></sec>