AUTHOR=Wang Yuan-Yuan , Wang Ya-Di , Qi Xiao-Yan , Liao Zhe-Zhen , Mai Yun-Ni , Xiao Xin-Hua TITLE=Organokines and Exosomes: Integrators of Adipose Tissue Macrophage Polarization and Recruitment in Obesity JOURNAL=Frontiers in Endocrinology VOLUME=13 YEAR=2022 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.839849 DOI=10.3389/fendo.2022.839849 ISSN=1664-2392 ABSTRACT=
The prevalence of obesity is escalating and has become a worldwide health challenge coinciding with the development of metabolic diseases. Emerging evidence has shown that obesity is accompanied by the infiltration of macrophages into adipose tissue, contributing to a state of low-grade chronic inflammation and dysregulated metabolism. Moreover, in the state of obesity, the phenotype of adipose tissue macrophages switches from the M2 polarized state to the M1 state, thereby contributing to chronic inflammation. Notably, multiple metabolic organs (adipose tissue, gut, skeletal muscle, and the liver) communicate with adipose tissue macrophages