AUTHOR=Yan Reng-na , Cai Ting-ting , Jiang Lan-lan , Jing Ting , Cai Ling , Xie Xiao-jing , Su Xiao-fei , Xu Lan , He Ke , Cheng Liang , Cheng Cheng , Liu Bing-li , Hu Yun , Ma Jian-hua 

TITLE=Real-Time Flash Glucose Monitoring Had Better Effects on Daily Glycemic Control Compared With Retrospective Flash Glucose Monitoring in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes on Premix Insulin Therapy

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Endocrinology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.832102

DOI=10.3389/fendo.2022.832102

ISSN=1664-2392

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Background and Aims</title><p>To compare the effects of real-time and retrospective flash glucose monitoring (FGM) on daily glycemic control and lifestyle in patients with type 2 diabetes on premix insulin therapy.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods and Results</title><p>A total of 172 patients using premix insulin, with HbA1c ≥ 7.0% (56 mmol/mol), or the time below the target (TBR) ≥ 4%, or the coefficient of variation (CV) ≥36% during the screening period, were randomly assigned to retrospective FGM (n = 89) or real-time FGM group (n = 83). Another two retrospective or real-time 14-day FGMs were performed respectively, 1 month apart. Both groups received educations and medication adjustment after each FGM. Time in range (3.9~10.0 mmol/l, TIR) increased significantly after 3 months in the real-time FGM group (6.5%) compared with the retrospective FGM group (-1.1%) (<italic>p</italic> = 0.014). HbA1c decreased in both groups (both <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.01). Real-time FGMs increased daily exercise time compared with the retrospective group (<italic>p</italic> = 0.002).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Real-time FGM with visible blood glucose improves daily glycemic control and diabetes self-care behaviors better than retrospective FGM in patients with type 2 diabetes on premix insulin therapy.</p></sec><sec><title>Clinical Trial Registration</title><p><uri xlink:href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/NCT04847219" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">https://clinicaltrials.gov/NCT04847219</uri>.</p></sec>