AUTHOR=Yan Yuan-Horng , Chien Chu-Chun , Wang Panchalli , Lu Mei-Chun , Wei Yu-Ching , Wang Jyh-Seng , Wang Jun-Sing 

TITLE=Association of exposure to air pollutants with gestational diabetes mellitus in Chiayi City, Taiwan

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Endocrinology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.1097270

DOI=10.3389/fendo.2022.1097270

ISSN=1664-2392

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Introduction</title><p>We investigated the associations of exposure to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) and several gaseous pollutants with risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Taiwan.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>We retrospectively identified pregnant women who underwent a two-step approach to screen for GDM between 2006 and 2014. Information on concentrations of air pollutants (including PM<sub>2.5</sub>, sulfur dioxide [SO<sub>2</sub>], nitrogen oxides [NO<sub>x</sub>], and ozone [O<sub>3</sub>]) were collected from a single fixed-site monitoring station. We conducted logistic regression analyses to determine the associations between exposure to air pollutants and risk of GDM.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>A total of 11210 women were analyzed, and 705 were diagnosed with GDM. Exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> during the second trimester was associated with a nearly 50% higher risk of GDM (odds ratio [OR] 1.47, 95% CI 0.96 to 2.24, p=0.077). The associations were consistent in the two-pollutant model (PM<sub>2.5</sub> + SO<sub>2</sub> [OR 1.73, p=0.038], PM<sub>2.5</sub> + NO<sub>x</sub> [OR 1.52, p=0.064], PM<sub>2.5</sub> + O<sub>3</sub> [OR 1.96, p=0.015]), and were more prominent in women with age &lt;30 years and body mass index &lt;25 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (interaction p values &lt;0.01).</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>Exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> was associated with risk of GDM, especially in women who were younger or had a normal body mass index.</p></sec>