AUTHOR=Gu Liping , Yan Shuai , Huang Yunhong , Yang Jiaying , Peng Yongde , Wang Yufan 

TITLE=Serum spexin differed in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients according to body mass index and increased with the improvement of metabolic status

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Endocrinology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.1086497

DOI=10.3389/fendo.2022.1086497

ISSN=1664-2392

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Objective</title><p>The aim of this study was to explore serum spexin levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with different body mass indexes (BMIs) and to investigate the changes of spexin after improvement of metabolic indicators.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>A total of 323 newly diagnosed T2DM patients from national Metabolic Management Center (MMC) in Shanghai General Hospital were recruited. T2DM patients were categorized into three groups: diabetes with obesity group (DM-OB group, BMI≥28 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, n=89), diabetes with overweight group (DM-OV group, 24≤BMI&lt;28 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, n=161), and diabetes with normal weight group (DM-NW group, 18≤BMI&lt;24 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, n=73). In addition, 41 volunteers with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) were used as controls. Spexin and metabolic parameters were compared at baseline, and changes after MMC follow-up in 100 DM patients were investigated.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>In the DM-OB group, the level of spexin was significantly lower than that in the DM-OV group and the DM-NW group (<italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.01). Spexin was significantly negatively related to body mass index (BMI, β=-0.214, <italic>P</italic>&lt;0.001), waist circumference (β=-0.249, <italic>P</italic>&lt;0.001), visceral fat area (VFA, β=-0.214, <italic>P</italic>&lt;0.001), and subcutaneous fat area (SFA, β=-0.265, <italic>P</italic>&lt;0.001) after adjustment for age and sex. Among all the metabolic indicators, the decline in BMI in the DM-OB group was the most obvious among those in the three groups (-3.7 ± 0.8 kg/m<sup>2</sup> vs. -0.9 ± 0.3 kg/m<sup>2</sup> vs. 0.7 ± 0.6 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, <italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01) after one year of MMC standardized management. The serum spexin level in the DM-OB group increased the most (1.00 ± 0.10 ng/mL vs. 0.49 ± 0.06 ng/mL in DM-OV group and 0.58 ± 0.09 ng/mL in DM-NW group, <italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.001).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Serum spexin differed in newly diagnosed T2DM patients according to BMI and was lowest in the DM-OB group. With the improvement of metabolic indicators, especially the decline in BMI, serum spexin increased significantly after MMC management.</p></sec>